Ngā Pūnaha Ataata e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te Ingiant Waenga Auautanga Paheke-Mīhini

1. Tirohanga Whānui mō te Hua

E whakaahua ana tēnei tuhinga i tētahi hononga hurihuri auau-teitei kāore i te paerewa, he mea hanga-rite, i hangaia mō te tuku tonu i ngā tohu RF puta noa i ngā atanga hurihuri. E tautoko ana te taputapu i ngā hongere motuhake e toru 50Ω i runga i te awhe auau 1–5.25GHz, e pai ai mō te radar, te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero amiorangi, ngā paepae whakamātautau pakanga hiko, ngā pūnaha tūnga pūihi, me ngā papa hurihuri ine ngaruiti.

He rerekē tēnei hononga hurihuri i ngā mowhiti paheke tuku iho e tuku ana i te mana, i ngā tohu auau-iti rānei, ā, ka tiakina e tēnei hononga hurihuri te pono o te tohu – tae atu ki te ngaronga whakaurunga, te VSWR, te wehenga, me te pumau o te āhua – puta noa i te hurihanga 360° tonu. Ka honoa e ia te wero hangarau taketake o te pupuri i te mahi RF i waenga i ngā papaaho tūmau me te hurihuri me te kore e takahuri te taura, te ngenge piko, te motuhanga tohu rānei.

2. Whakaotihia te Ripanga Tawhā

Ngā Tawhā Ā-Mīhini me te Taiao

3. Te Whakamārama Hangarau o ngā Tawhā Matua

3.1 Awhe Auautanga: 1 – 5.25 GHz

Ka kapi tēnei awhe i te roopu-L (1–2 GHz), te roopu-S (2–4 GHz), me te wāhanga o raro o te roopu-C (4–5.25 GHz). Ko ngā whakamahinga noa ko:

• Rōpū-L: GPS, BeiDou, IFF (Tautuhi Hoa, Hoariri rānei), radar whakahaere waka rererangi
• S-band: radar huarere, radar tirotiro kaipuke, hononga whakawhitiwhiti amiorangi
• C-band: ētahi hononga whakarunga pouaka whakaata amiorangi, hononga ngaruiti tawhiti

Ka taea e ngā putanga ritenga te whakawhānui i te kapinga auau mai i te DC ki te 18 GHz, 26.5 GHz, 40 GHz rānei, te whakawhāiti rānei i te roopu hei arotau i te ngaronga me te VSWR.

3.2 Mana Toharite: 10W mō ia hongere

Ka pā te whakatauranga ngaru tonu (CW) 10W i raro i ngā āhuatanga kawenga ōrite i te pāmahana rūma. Mō ngā tohu pāorooro me ngā huringa mahi iti (hei tauira, te radar me te huringa mahi 1%), ka eke pea te mana tihi ki ngā rau watts. Ka nui ake te hiranga o te whakahaere wera i runga ake i te 10W, ā, ka wātea ngā whakatauranga mana teitei ake (50W, 100W) mā roto i ngā whakarerekētanga hoahoa ritenga tae atu ki te whakahekenga wera whakarei ake me ngā whakahoutanga rauemi dielectric.

3.3 VSWR me te Rerekētanga VSWR

He mea tino pai te VSWR o te 1.5 mō te hononga hurihuri i runga i te whānuitanga o te maha-octave. E whakaatu ana te rerekētanga VSWR i te rerekētanga o te taurite aukati i te wā e hurihuri ana. Ka tutuki i te Hongere 1 te rerekētanga ±0.1 dB – he manawanui tino kikī e tohu ana i te kōpikopiko miihini tino pai me te pumau o te whakapā.

3.4 Ngaronga Whakaurunga me te Rerekētanga Ngaronga

E toru ngā wāhanga o te ngaronga whakaurunga:

• Te ngaronga o te arataki (te pānga kiri i roto i te arataki waenga me te parepare o waho)
• Ngaronga hiko-kore (PTFE, tetahi atu papa ngaruiti rānei)
• Te ngaronga o te whakapā (ātete atanga hurihuri)

Hongere 1: 1 dB te ngaronga mōrahi me te rerekētanga ±0.3 dB
Hongere 2: 1.2 dB te ngaronga mōrahi me te rerekētanga ±0.15 dB

I roto i ngā pūnaha hihiri, he mea nui ake te āhua o te rerekētanga i te ngaronga tino. Hei tauira, ko te rerekētanga 0.15 dB ka puta he huringa ±1.7% o te kaha o te tohu i roto i te kotahi hurihanga katoa – he iti noa iho mō te nuinga o ngā pūnaha e hangai ana ki te kaha pēnei i ngā koropiko whakahaere whakanui aunoa, ngā pūoko rānei.

3.5 Wehewehenga: ≥50 dB

Ka inehia te wehenga i waenga i ngā hongere e rua. I te iti rawa o te 50 dB, ka whakaitihia te tohu 10W e te turuturu mai i te Hongere 1 ki te Hongere 2 (ki te anga ke rānei) ki te 0.1 mW. Mā tēnei taumata ka whakarite:

• Te wehenga tuku-ki-te-whiwhi i roto i ngā pūnaha takirua-katoa
• Te whakaheke toto iti rawa o te oscillator ā-rohe
• Ngā hua whakawhitiwhiti iti i roto i ngā taiao maha-kawe

3.6 Te Pūmautanga Wāhanga: ±2° ki te ±4°

Ko te pumau ā-wāhanga te whakatakotoranga hihiri tino nui mō ngā pūnaha honohono pēnei i:

• Ngā koropiko whakatikatika ā-wāhanga
• Te kimi ahunga whakawhiti-ira
• Ngā radar aroturuki Monopulse
• Radar whakatuwheratanga hangai (SAR)
• Ngā kaiwhiwhi kitenga ōrite

I te 5.25 GHz, ko te huringa āhua ±2° e rite ana ki te rerekētanga roa o te ara ā-tinana o te tata ki:
ΔL = (Δφ / 360°) × λ = (2/360) × (299.8 / 5.25) ≈ 0.32 mm

Hei whakatutuki i te pumau ±2° me whai kia neke ake i te 0.02 mm te oma radial o te peera, me ngā mata pa tino tika – he tohu tēnei i te hanga pakari me te whakahaere kounga.

3.7 Ngā Whakamārama mō ngā Tawhā Ā-Mīhini

Tere Hurihanga: 30 RPM te mōrahi
He pai mō ngā hurihuri pūihi, ngā papa hurihuri whakamātautau, ngā turanga radar, me ngā pūoko matawai puhoi. E wātea ana ngā tere teitei ake (tae atu ki te 300 RPM) mā roto i ngā peera ritenga me te taurite hihiri.

Te roa o te mahi: 5 miriona hurihanga iti rawa
Mēnā ka mahi tonu i te 30 RPM, ka rite tēnei ki te 115 rā o te hurihanga kore mutu. Mō te whakamahinga wā poto noa (hei tauira, 1 hāora ia rā i te 10 RPM), ka neke atu i te 80 tau te roa o te ora ratonga – he nui atu i te roa o te ora ratonga o te hua.

Taipana: ≤0.6 N·m i te pāmahana rūma
Ka whakaitihia e te iti o te taipana te tono ki te motuka taraiwa, ka taea te whakamahi me ngā wāhanga whakanoho iti, teitei rānei te tika, ā, ka whakaitihia te whakaputanga wera mai i te waku. Ka piki ake te taipana i ngā pāmahana tino nui nā te huringa o te matotoru o te hinu.

Awhe Pāmahana: -40°C ki te +70°C (whakahaere)
Ka tutuki tēnei i ngā whakaritenga taputapu ā-hoia (MIL-STD-810) me ngā taputapu ā-waho ahumahi. Ka taea te mahi pāmahana iti mā te whakamahi i ngā hinu whakahinuhinu whānui; me āta whiriwhiri rauemi hiko-kore mō te mahi pāmahana teitei hei ārai i te whakarerekētanga.

Whakatauranga IP51

• IP5: Ārai puehu (he iti te urunga o te puehu, kāore he putunga kino)
• IP1: Parenga mai i te wai e maturuturu poutū ana

He pai tēnei whakatauranga mō ngā taiao o roto, ngā papa ārai o waho, me ngā whata taputapu. E wātea ana ngā whakatauranga teitei ake (IP65, IP67) mō ngā taiao o waho, i runga kaipuke, i te koraha rānei.

Rauemi: Konumohe koranu me te waikura arataki
He māmā te konumohe (he mea nui mō ngā huihuinga hurihuri), he pai te kawe wera (mō te marara wera mai i te kawenga 10W), ā, he tino pai te mahi miihini. Mā te waikura kawe ka whakarite te kawe hiko o te mata mō te whenua RF me te whakarato hoki i te ātete waikura taketake.

4. Ngā Whakamahinga Noa

4.1 Ngā Pūnaha Radar Whenua

E whakamahia ana i waenga i te pūwhakawhiti tūmau me te pūihi hurihuri. E toru ngā hongere e tautoko ana i te tuku, te whiwhinga, me te huringa whakatikatika i te wā kotahi.

4.2 Ngā Paepae Pūihi Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero Amiorangi

Ka pupuri i te pono o te hononga RF i te wā e aroturukihia tonutia ana te amiorangi. Ka pā tika te pumau o te wāhanga ki te tere hapa whakarerekētanga (MER) me te tere hapa moka (BER).

4.3 Ngā Pae Whakamātautau Pakanga Hiko (EW)

Me whai āhua pumau me te kaha pūmau ngā whakatauira tuku riri hurihuri puta noa i ngā hongere maha mō te whakatauira koki-o-te-taunga mai (AOA).

4.4 Ngā Taputapu Hauora Ngaruiti

Me whai tuku RF pono ngā pane whakaahua, pane whakaora rānei e hurihuri ana (hei tauira, ngā pūnaha ngaruiti wera nui) me te kore e ngenge te taura.

4.5 Te Whakamahana Ngaruiti Ahumahi

Mā ngā hononga hurihuri ka taea te tukatuka tonu i ngā rauemi i roto i ngā oumu ngaruiti, i ngā pūnaha whakamaroke rānei.

4.6 Ngā Ripanga Whakamātautau me te Ine

Ka whakamahia e ngā rūma ine tauira pūihi ngā hononga hurihuri hei whāngai i te pūihi kei raro i te whakamātautau (AUT) i te wā e hurihuri ana.

5. Ngā Āheinga Whakaritenga Kore-Paerewa

He tūāpapa hanga-whaiaro tēnei hua. Ka taea te whakarerekē i ngā tawhā e whai ake nei kia rite ki ngā hiahia o te kiritaki:

6. Te Whakapūmau Kounga me te Whakamātautau Pūmau

Ka whai i tētahi tukanga whakamātautau maha-wāhanga ia hononga hurihuri i mua i te tukunga:

6.1 Whakamātautau Mahi RF (100% o ngā waeine)

• VSWR me te ngaronga whakaurunga i inehia puta noa i te awhe auau katoa (1–5.25 GHz) i te 101 ngā pūwāhi
• Te wehewehe i waenga i ngā takirua hongere katoa
• I whakahaerehia ngā whakamātautau katoa i ngā āhuatanga pūmau me ngā āhuatanga hihiri (hurihuri i te 30 RPM)

6.2 Te Ine i te Pūmautanga o te Wāhanga

• Te rerekētanga o te āhua i tuhia mō ngā hurihanga tonu e 10
• Ko ngā raraunga i tuhia i ngā pikinga 1° (3600 ngā tohu mō ia hongere)

6.3 Whakamātautau Mīhini

• I inehia te taipana i te -40°C, +25°C, me te +70°C
• I inehia te oma i te atanga hurihuri
• Whakamātautau tauira huringa ora: ngā waeine i tīpakohia matapōkeretia mō te 5 miriona oma manawanui hurihanga

6.4 Te Tirotiro i te Taumahatanga Taiao (tauira pūtake)

• Huringa wera: -50°C ki te +85°C, 10 huringa, noho 2-hāora
• Wera makuku: 95% RH i te +40°C mō ngā haora 48
• Wiri: 5g RMS, 10–500 Hz, mō ia MIL-STD-810

7. He aha i whiriwhiri ai i tēnei hononga hurihuri

• Ngāwari noa iho – Kāore koe e akiakihia kia uru ki tētahi whakaritenga kua oti kē te whakarite. Ka urutau mātou ki tō pūnaha, ehara i te ritenga kē.
• Te whakahaere kounga pakari – Ka manatokohia ia whakatakotoranga. Kāore he uara "noa" tatauranga. Ka tukuna tahitia ia waeine me tētahi pūrongo whakamātautau.
• Te roa o te ora mahi – mā te iti rawa o te 5 miriona hurihanga ka roa te mahi i roto i ngā tono hurihuri noa.
• He onge te arataki pumau ā-wāhanga – ±2° puta noa i ngā hongere e toru i tēnei wā utu-mahi.
• Tautoko hangarau – Ka whakaratohia e te tīma hangarau te āwhina whakauru, ngā tauira 3D, me te whakaaetanga tuhi ritenga.